Analgesics
NSAIDs: Inhibit COX (1 and 2). Decrease prostaglandins. Side effects: GI bleed, renal impairment, bronchospasm (aspirin).
Opioids: Morphine, Pethidine, Fentanyl. Mechanism: Mu receptor agonism. Side effects: respiratory depression, constipation, dependence.
Antidepressants
SSRIs: Fluoxetine, Sertraline. Inhibit serotonin reuptake. Side effects: GI upset, sexual dysfunction.
TCAs: Amitriptyline. Inhibit NE + 5-HT reuptake. Side effects: anticholinergic, cardiac (arrhythmia), sedation.
Antiepileptics
Phenytoin (Na+ channel), Carbamazepine (Na+ channel), Valproate (multiple), Phenobarbital (GABA), Levetiracetam (SV2A).
Revision history
- 20 September 2026 — Initial publication
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